Miliary Bovine Tuberculosis in Buffaloes in Al-Muthanna Governorate, Iraq

Background: Bubalus bubalis (river buffaloes) are widely distributed in the southern marshes of Iraq. This study intends to record a case miliary tuberculosis buffalo for first time Al Muthanna abattoir, Iraq, with its clinical, gross, and histopathological findings microbiological investigations.
 Case Description: Ten years old showed chronic cough, infertility, emaciation, debilitation, lower milk production, loss weight, appetite 2 months; during meat inspection, thousands various size typical tubercles, yellowish, granulomatous, caseous lesions were over all body.
 Results: Microscopically, features granuloma observed revealed oval or round necrosis irregular central areas. Moreover, mineralization was enclosed by thin broad layer diverse inflammatory cells solid collagenous connective tissue sheath. direct smear from lesion stained Ziehl-Neelsen stain slightly curved, red, straight rod that seen alone clusters, indicating bacilli tuberculosis. Additionally, growing bacteria on Löwenstein-Jensen media slant flat, smooth, moist, white, not pigmented colonies suggestive M. Bovis results traditional biochemical tests, including negative reaction nitrate reduction, niacin test, deamination pyrazinamide.
 Conclusion: For author’s knowledge, this is report bovine The diagnosis made according clinical signs, gross pathology, supported bacterial isolation. author recommends future epidemiological molecular studies improve tools Iraq investigate causative agent establish roles disease control becomes much more challenging.